Huberman Lab

Timestamps

(00:00:00) Dr. Peter Attia

(00:03:39) Sponsor: LMNT

(00:07:34) Lifespan vs. Healthspan

(00:10:54) “4 Horseman of Death”, Diseases of Atherosclerosis

(00:14:44) Tool: Hypertension & Stroke, Blood Pressure Testing

(00:23:14) Preventing Atherosclerosis, Smoking & Vaping, Pollution

(00:28:33) Sponsor: AG1

(00:33:29) Cholesterol, ApoB

(00:42:21) Cholesterol Levels, LDL & ApoB Testing

(00:49:29) ApoB Levels & Atherosclerosis, Causality

(01:01:06) ApoB Reduction, Insulin Resistance, Statins, Ezetimibe, PCSK9 Inhibitors

(01:12:30) Monitoring ApoB

(01:18:30) Reducing Blood Pressure, Exercise & Sleep

(01:20:50) High Blood Pressure & Kidneys

(01:23:11) Alcohol, Sleep & Disease Risk

(01:31:21) Cancer & Cancer Risks: Genetics, Smoking & Obesity

(01:39:47) Cancer Screening & Survival

(01:44:17) Radiation Risks, CT & PET Scans

(01:48:48) Environmental Carcinogens

(01:52:11) Genetic & Whole-Body MRI Screening, Colonoscopy

(01:58:47) Neurodegenerative Diseases, Alzheimer’s Disease, ApoE

(02:08:08) Alzheimer’s Disease & Amyloid

(02:13:58) Interventions for Brain Health, Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)

(02:21:26) Accidental Death, “Deaths of Despair”, Fentanyl Crisis

(02:31:20) Fall Risk & Stability, 4 Pillars of Strength Training

(02:41:05) Emotional Health

(02:53:45) Mortality & Preserving Relationship Quality

(03:02:20) Relationships vs. Outcomes, Deconstructing Emotions

(03:09:34) Treatment Centers, Emotional Processing & Recovery

(03:16:34) Tool: Inner Monologue & Anger, Redirecting Self-Talk

(03:27:37) Zero-Cost Support, YouTube Feedback, Spotify & Apple Reviews, Sponsors, Momentous, Social Media, Neural Network Newsletter

22 Listeners

What Alcohol Does to Your Body, Brain & Health

Huberman Lab

08/22/22 • 117 min

In this episode, I discuss the physiological effects that drinking alcohol has on the brain and body at different levels of consumption and over time. I also describe genetic differences that predispose certain individuals to alcoholism, binge and habit-drinking. I explain alcohol metabolism in simple terms and how it effectively acts as a poison, leading to cellular stress and damage. I then explain that it impacts neuronal function and changes our thinking and behavior – hallmarks of inebriation. I also discuss how alcohol consumption of different amounts impacts inflammation, stress, neurodegeneration, and cancer risk and negatively impacts the gut microbiome, brain thickness, hormone balance, mood and feelings of motivation. Additionally, I discuss the biology of hangovers and describe science-based strategies to mitigate the severity of a hangover. Since alcohol is one of the most widely consumed recreational substances, this episode ought to be of relevance to everyone. Indeed, even low-to-moderate alcohol consumption negatively impacts the brain and body in direct ways. The goal of this episode is to help people make informed decisions about their alcohol consumption that are in keeping with their mental and physical health goals.

Access the full show notes for this episode at hubermanlab.com.

Use Ask Huberman Lab, our new AI-powered platform, for a summary, clips, and insights from this episode.

Thank you to our sponsors

Timestamps

00:00:00 Effects of Alcohol Consumption

00:03:19 Low to Moderate Alcohol Consumption & Neurodegeneration

00:06:14 Sponsors: AG1, LMNT

00:10:46 Historical Context & Uses of Alcohol

00:13:28 Alcohol Metabolism, “Empty Calories”

00:18:23 Inebriation: Top-Down Inhibition, Impulsivity & Memory Formation

00:24:23 Long-Lasting Effects & Impulsivity, Neuroplasticity & Reversibility

00:27:55 Food & Alcohol Absorption

00:30:07 Alcohol & Serotonin, SSRIs & Depression, Risk for Alcoholism, Blackouts

00:37:39 Predisposition for Alcoholism; Chronic Consumption, Cortisol & Stress

00:43:29 Sponsor: AG1

00:46:07 Genetic Predisposition for Alcoholism, Consuming Alcohol Too Young

00:52:27 Gut-Liver-Brain Axis: Alcohol, Gut Microbiome, Inflammation & Leaky Gut

00:59:46 Tool: Improving/Replenishing Gut Microbiome

01:02:44 Reducing Alcohol Consumption & Stress

01:04:25 Hangover: Alcohol & Sleep, Anxiety, Headache

01:12:11 Hangover Recovery, Adrenaline & Deliberate Cold Exposure

01:17:16 Hangover Recovery, Dehydration & Electrolytes

01:20:45 Types of Alcohol & Hangover Severity, Congeners

01:25:25 Alcohol Tolerance, Dopamine & Serotonin, Pleasure-Pain Balance

01:33:36 Are There Any Positive Effects of Alcohol?, Resveratrol

01:35:42 Alcohol & Brain Thickness

01:37:11 Alcohol & Cancer Risk: DNA Methylation, Breast Cancer Risk

01:44:31 Mitigating Cancer Risk, Folate, B Vitamins

01:46:54 Alcohol & Pregnancy, Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

01:50:58 Hormones: Testosterone & Estrogen Balance

01:55:09 Negative Effects of Alcohol Consumption

01:58:35 Zero-Cost Support, YouTube Feedback, Spotify & Apple Reviews, Sponsors, Momentous Supplements, Instagram, Twitter, Neural Network Newsletter, Huberman Lab Clips

18 Listeners

3 Comments

AMA #2: Improve Sleep, Reduce Sugar Cravings, Optimal Protein Intake, Stretching Frequency & More

Huberman Lab

12/08/22 • 30 min

Welcome to a preview of the second Ask Me Anything (AMA) episode, part of the Huberman Lab Premium subscription.

The Huberman Lab Premium subscription was launched for two main reasons. First, it was launched in order to raise support for the standard Huberman Lab podcast channel — which will continue to come out every Monday at zero-cost. Second, it was launched as a means to raise funds for important scientific research. A significant portion of proceeds from the Huberman Lab Premium subscription will fund human research (not animal models) selected by Dr. Huberman, with a dollar-for-dollar match from the Tiny Foundation.

Subscribe to Huberman Lab Premium at https://hubermanlab.com/premium

Timestamps

(00:00:00) Introduction

(00:00:54) Are there any science-backed protocols to increase deep sleep?

(00:28:11) Huberman Lab Premium

In the full 1.5 hour AMA episode, we discuss:

What is your studying routine?
What's the ideal amount of protein intake?
Any tips to eliminate sugar cravings?
What can we do when we wake up early in the morning before the sun is up and can’t benefit from direct sunlight exposure?
Is it better to do shorter bouts of dynamic stretching more frequently throughout the day or longer bouts but multiple times per week?

Title Card Photo Credit: Mike Blabac

The Huberman Lab podcast is for general informational purposes only and does not constitute the practice of medicine, nursing or other professional health care services, including the giving of medical advice, and no doctor/patient relationship is formed. The use of information on this podcast or materials linked from this podcast is at the user’s own risk. The content of this podcast is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Users should not disregard or delay in obtaining medical advice for any medical condition they may have and should seek the assistance of their health care professionals for any such conditions.

14 Listeners

Dr. Sara Gottfried: How to Optimize Female Hormone Health for Vitality & Longevity

Huberman Lab

01/30/23 • 150 min

My guest is Sara Gottfried, M.D., a Harvard-trained, board-certified gynecologist and clinical assistant professor of integrative medicine & nutritional sciences at Thomas Jefferson University. Dr. Gottfried specializes in hormone health, vitality and longevity using precision/personalized approaches. We discuss female hormone health, puberty, perimenopause, and menopause, hormone testing, the microbiome, stress related hormone challenges, their causes, and various treatments. We also discuss fertility, birth control and tools for improving microbiome health, treating PCOS, insulin management, and the best nutrition, supplementation, and exercise programs for women. While the episode focuses mainly on female hormones, males will also benefit from our discussion because it includes actionable tools suggested for managing stress, bolstering the gut microbiome, and immunity—all of which stand to improve overall health, vitality and longevity in males and females.

For the full show notes, visit hubermanlab.com.

Thank you to our sponsors

Timestamps

(00:00:00) Dr. Sara Gottfried

(00:04:07) Sponsor: LMNT

(00:07:50) Women, Family History, Heredity & Environment

(00:11:00) Puberty, Stress, Menstrual Cycles, Intrauterine Devices (IUDs)

(00:17:26) Tool: Sex Hormones, Microbiome, Estrobolome & Disease; Biomarker Testing

(00:25:11) Nutritional Testing; Vegetables, Microbiome & Disease

(00:27:33) Sponsor: AG1

(00:32:22) Microbiome, Prebiotics & Probiotics, Inflammation

(00:36:08) Microbiome Testing, Magnesium, Constipation & Thyroid

(00:42:25) Female Colonoscopy; Network Effect & Modern Medicine, Stress Factors

(00:45:13) Constipation, Stress & Trauma, Autonomic Balance

(00:55:35) Constipation Relief, Stress, Breathwork & Meditation

(01:02:58) Systemic & Societal Stress Unique to Females

(01:09:23) Testing & Future Behavior

(01:11:55) Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) & Cardiometabolic Disease; Stress

(01:22:57) PCOS, Insulin, Glucose Monitoring and Management; Data Access

(01:29:48) Behaviors for Vitality; Exercise & Body Phenotype; Cortisol

(01:36:40) Cortisol Supplements: Ashwagandha, Rhodiola, Fish Oil, Phosphatidylserine

(01:42:36) Cortisol, Anxiety & Immune System; Adrenal Function, Resilience

(01:48:07) Tool: Omega-3 Fatty Acids, Inflammation, Specialized Pro-Resolving Mediators

(01:54:20) Oral Contraceptives, Benefits & Risks; Ovarian Cancer; Testosterone

(02:06:50) Fertility, Follicular & Anti-Mullerian Hormone (AMH) Assessments

(02:10:29) Menopause & Hormone Replacement Therapy; Women’s Health Initiative

(02:15:30) Perimenopause, Cerebral Hypometabolism, Metabolism & Estrogen

(02:21:49) Intermittent Fasting, Ketogenic Diet, Metabolic Flexibility

(02:23:29) Stool Testing

(02:25:32) Coronary Artery Calcium (CAC) Test, ACE Score & Disease

(02:31:56) Zero-Cost Support, YouTube Feedback, Spotify & Apple Reviews, Sponsors, Social Media, Neural Network Newsletter, Momentous

10 Listeners

1 Comment

Dr. Cal Newport: How to Enhance Focus and Improve Productivity

Huberman Lab

03/11/24 • 172 min

In this episode, my guest is Dr. Cal Newport, Ph.D., a professor of computer science at Georgetown University and bestselling author of numerous books on focus and productivity and how to access the deepest possible layers of your cognitive abilities in order to do quality work and lead a more balanced life. We discuss how to avoid digital distraction, specific systems to best arrange and update your schedule, and how to curate your work and home environment. We discuss how to engage with smartphones and technology, the significant productivity cost of task-switching, and how to avoid and overcome burnout. This episode provides specific protocols for enhancing focus and productivity, time management, task prioritization, and improving work-life balance that ought to be useful for anyone, young or old, regardless of profession.

For show notes, including referenced articles and additional resources, please visit hubermanlab.com.

Use Ask Huberman Lab, our new AI-powered platform, for a summary, clips, and insights from this episode.

Thank you to our sponsors

Timestamps

(00:00:00) Dr. Cal Newport

(00:03:09) Sponsors: LMNT & Waking Up

(00:07:00) Smartphones, Office & Walking

(00:13:08) Productive Meditation, Whiteboards

(00:20:04) Tool: Capturing Ideas, Notebooks

(00:24:57) Tool: Active Recall & Remembering Information

(00:26:15) Sponsor: AG1

(00:31:29) Studying, Deliberate Practice

(00:38:13) Flow States vs. Deep Work

(00:41:39) Social Media, Emergencies

(00:45:27) Phone & Addiction; Task Switching

(00:54:23) “Neuro-Semantic Coherence” vs. Flow; Concentration

(01:02:40) Internet Use & Kids; Video Games; Audiobooks

(01:08:15) Pseudo-Productivity, Burnout

(01:12:34) Social Media Distraction; The Deep Life

(01:18:03) Attention, ADHD, Smartphones & Addiction; Kids

(01:26:12) TikTok, Algorithm

(01:30:39) Tool: Boredom Tolerance, Gap Effects & “Thoreau Walks”

(01:37:43) Solitude Deprivation, Anxiety

(01:41:22) Tools: Fixed Work Schedule & Productivity, Exercise, Sleep

(01:47:52) Deep Work, Insomnia; Productivity & Core Work; Music

(01:55:08) Cognitive Focus & Environment; Isolation

(02:02:30) Burnout Epidemic, Digital Collaboration

(02:11:11) Cognitive Revolution, Balance

(02:16:45) Remote, Hybrid vs. In-Person Work; Zoom

(02:22:05) Tool: Pull-Based System, Designing Workload

(02:28:49) Tools: Multi-Scale Planning, Time Blocking; Deep Work Groups

(02:38:56) Tool: Shutdown Ritual

(02:42:37) Accessibility, Reputation & Flexibility

(02:47:29) Work-Life Balance, Vacation; Productivity

(02:54:47) Zero-Cost Support, Spotify & Apple Reviews, YouTube Feedback, Sponsors, Momentous, Social Media, Neural Network Newsletter

9 Listeners

Dr. Robert Lustig: How Sugar & Processed Foods Impact Your Health

Huberman Lab

12/18/23 • 204 min

In this episode, my guest is Dr. Robert Lustig, M.D., neuroendocrinologist, professor of pediatrics at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), and a bestselling author on nutrition and metabolic health. We address the “calories in- calories out” (CICO) model of metabolism and weight regulation and how specific macronutrients (protein, fat, carbohydrates), fiber and sugar can modify the CICO equation. We cover how different types of sugars, specifically fructose, sugars found in liquid form, taste intensity, and other factors impact insulin levels, liver, kidney, and metabolic health. We also explore how fructose in non-fruit sources can be addictive (acting similarly to drugs of abuse) and how sugar alters brain circuits related to food cravings and satisfaction. We discuss the role of sugar in childhood and adult obesity, gut health and disease and mental health. We also discuss how the food industry uses refined sugars to create pseudo foods and what these do to the brain and body. This episode is replete with actionable information about sugar and metabolism, weight control, brain health and body composition. It ought to be of interest to anyone seeking to understand how specific food choices impact the immediate and long-term health of the brain and body.

For show notes, including referenced articles and additional resources, please visit hubermanlab.com.

Use Ask Huberman Lab, our new AI-powered platform, for a summary, clips, and insights from this episode.

Thank you to our sponsors

Timestamps

(00:00:00) Dr. Robert Lustig

(00:02:02) Sponsors: LMNT & Waking Up

(00:06:41) Calories, Fiber

(00:12:15) Calories, Protein & Fat, Trans Fats

(00:18:23) Carbohydrate Calories, Glucose vs. Fructose, Fruit, Processed Foods

(00:26:43) Fructose, Mitochondria & Metabolic Health

(00:31:54) Trans Fats; Food Industry & Language

(00:33:55) Sponsor: AG1

(00:37:04) Glucose, Insulin, Muscle

(00:42:31) Insulin & Cell Growth vs. Burn; Oxygen & Cell Growth, Cancer

(00:51:14) Glucose vs. Fructose, Uric Acid; “Leaky Gut” & Inflammation

(01:00:51) Supporting the Gut Microbiome, Fasting

(01:04:13) Highly Processed Foods, Sugars; “Price Elasticity” & Food Industry

(01:11:51) Processed Foods & Added Sugars

(01:14:19) Sugars, High-Fructose Corn Syrup

(01:18:16) Food Industry & Added Sugar, Personal Responsibility, Public Health

(01:30:04) Obesity, Diabetes, “Hidden” Sugars

(01:34:57) Diet, Insulin & Sugars

(01:38:20) Tools: NOVA Food Classification; Perfact Recommendations

(01:43:46) Meat & Metabolic Health, Eggs, Fish

(01:46:44) Sources of Omega-3s; Vitamin C & Vitamin D

(01:52:37) Tool: Reduce Inflammation; Sugars, Cortisol & Stress

(01:59:12) Food Industry, Big Pharma & Government; Statins

(02:06:55) Public Health Shifts, Rebellion, Sugar Tax, Hidden Sugars

(02:12:58) Real Food Movement, Public School Lunches & Processed Foods

(02:18:25) 3 Fat Types & Metabolic Health; Sugar, Alcohol & Stress

(02:26:40) Artificial & Non-Caloric Sweeteners, Insulin & Weight Gain

(02:34:32) Re-Engineering Ultra-Processed Food

(02:38:45) Sugar & Addiction, Caffeine

(02:45:18) GLP-1, Semaglutide (Ozempic, Wegovy, Tirzepatide), Risks; Big Pharma

(02:57:390 Obesity & Sugar Addiction; Brain Re-Mapping, Insulin & Leptin Resistance

(03:03:31) Fructose & Addiction, Personal Responsibility & Tobacco

(03:07:27) Food Choices: Fruit, Rice, Tomato Sauce, Bread, Meats, Fermented Foods

(03:12:54) Intermittent Fasting, Diet Soda, Food Combinations, Fiber, Food Labels

(03:19:14) Improving Health, Advocacy, School Lunches, Hidden Sugars

(03:26:55) Zero-Cost Support, Spotify & Apple Reviews, YouTube Feedback, Sponsors, Momentous, Social Media, Neural Network Newsletter

8 Listeners

Essentials: Tools for Managing Stress & Anxiety

Huberman Lab

01/16/25 • 37 min

In this Huberman Lab Essentials episode, I explain strategies for managing stress, both in the short and long term, to enhance overall well-being.

I explain how the mind and body respond to stress and how acute stress has immune-boosting benefits. I discuss science-supported tools and supplements to better manage stress in real time and protocols for raising one's stress threshold to build resilience to life’s inevitable challenges. I also describe practices to reduce chronic stress and maintain a balanced, healthy life.

Huberman Lab Essentials are short episodes (approximately 30 minutes) focused on essential science and protocol takeaways from past Huberman Lab episodes. Essentials will be released every Thursday, and our full-length episodes will still be released every Monday.

Read the full episode show notes at hubermanlab.com.

Thank you to our sponsors

Function: https://functionhealth.com/huberman

Eight Sleep: https://eightsleep.com/huberman

Timestamps

00:00:00 Huberman Lab Essentials; Emotions & Stress

00:02:37 What is Stress?

00:04:23 Short-Term Stress Response

00:06:49 Breathwork to Reduce Stress; Tool: Physiological Sigh

00:11:52 Physiologic Sigh, Carbon Dioxide & Rapid Stress Reduction

00:13:30 Sponsor: Function

00:15:18 Short-Term Stress, Positive Benefits, Immune System

00:18:22 Tool: Deliberate Hyperventilation, Adrenaline & Infection

00:22:49 Sponsor: AG1

00:24:25 Raising Stress Threshold, Tool: Eye Dilation

00:28:24 Mitigating Long-Term Stress; Tool: Social Connection, Delight

00:32:22 Sponsor: Eight Sleep

00:33:52 Melatonin, Caution

00:35:00 L-theanine, Ashwagandha

00:36:13 Recap & Key Takeaways

Disclaimer & Disclosures

8 Listeners

Science-Based Tools for Increasing Happiness

Huberman Lab

11/14/22 • 141 min

I explain the science of happiness, including the different types of happiness and how our actions, circumstances and mindset control them. While it is difficult to standardize happiness from one person to the next, I outline a structured framework of what is critical to increasing your innate “natural happiness,” including financial security, purposeful work and relationships, and I explain specific tools to increase internal happiness (so-called “synthetic happiness”). I review how specific types of human connection and attention to our choices (or lack thereof) can increase or undermine our level of happiness. I also discuss the importance of certain types of physical contact, gratitude, financial choices and volunteer contributions that research shows can maximize happiness. And I discuss how factors such as children, pets, physical well-being, substance use, prior traumas and life-phase milestones affect our quest for and depth of happiness.

For the full show notes, visit hubermanlab.com.

Thank you to our sponsors

Timestamps

(00:00:00) Happiness

(00:06:27) Tool: Light Exposure Timing & Brightness Timing

(00:14:30) Sponsor: LMNT

(00:17:51) Imprecise Language for Happiness

(00:20:26) Happiness: Neuromodulators & Neurotransmitters

(00:26:32) Harvard Happiness Project

(00:29:22) Income & Happiness; Social Interactions & Peer Group

(00:37:20) Work, Sense of Meaning & Happiness

(00:40:13) Toolkit for General Wellbeing

(00:43:06) Happiness Across the Lifespan, Does Having Children Make Us Happier?

(00:47:20) Sponsor: AG1

(00:50:20) Birthdays & Evaluated Happiness

(00:52:45) Smoking, Alcohol & Happiness

(00:54:23) Trauma & Happiness, Lottery Winner vs. Paraplegic Accident

(01:05:05) Synthesizing Happiness

(01:09:18) Natural Happiness & Synthetic Happiness; Music

(01:13:45) Tool: Synthesizing Happiness: Effort, Environment & Gratitude

(01:24:50) Tool: Pro-Social Spending/Effort, Happiness

(01:31:55) Tool: Focus, Wandering Mind & Meditation

(01:39:40) Tool: Quality Social Connection

(01:41:28) Brief Social Connection, Facial Recognition & Predictability

(01:46:33) Deep Social Connection, Presence & Eye Contact

(01:54:00) Physical Contact & Social Connection, Allogrooming, Pets

(02:03:00) Freedom & Choice; Synthetic Happiness

(02:11:57) Happiness Toolkit

(02:22:00) Zero-Cost Support, YouTube Feedback, Spotify & Apple Reviews, Sponsors, Neural Network Newsletter, Social Media

7 Listeners

1 Comment

Essentials: How to Focus to Change Your Brain

Huberman Lab

12/19/24 • 37 min

In this Huberman Lab Essentials episode, I explain how neuroplasticity allows the brain to continue to adapt and change throughout life, particularly through focused attention and active engagement in learning.

I explain how neuroplasticity differs in children and adults, highlighting the key neurochemicals required for adult learning. I explain science-supported protocols to boost alertness and improve attention, including techniques like visual focus and goal accountability. I also discuss how sleep, along with practices such as non-sleep deep rest (NSDR) and naps, support the brain to enhance learning.

Read the full show notes at hubermanlab.com.

Thank you to our sponsors

David: https://davidprotein.com/huberman

LMNT: https://drinklmnt.com/huberman

More Huberman Lab

Huberman Lab Premium: https://go.hubermanlab.com/premium

Huberman Lab Merch: https://go.hubermanlab.com/merch

Timestamps

00:00:00 Huberman Lab Essentials; Neuroplasticity

00:03:27 Sponsor: David

00:04:43 New Neurons; Sensory Information, Brain & Customized Map

00:07:40 Recognition, Awareness of Behaviors

00:09:58 Sponsor: AG1

00:11:06 Attention & Neuroplasticity

00:15:40 Epinephrine, Acetylcholine & Nervous System Change

00:18:20 Improve Alertness, Epinephrine, Tool: Accountability

00:20:39 Improve Attention, Acetylcholine, Nicotine

00:23:09 Sponsor: LMNT

00:24:26 Tool: Visual Focus & Mental Focus

00:29:54 Tool: Ultradian Cycles, Anchoring Attention

00:31:00 Sleep & Neuroplasticity; NSDR, Naps

00:33:34 Recap & Key Takeaways

00:36:38 Zero-Cost Support, YouTube, Spotify & Apple Follow & Reviews, Recommendations, Sponsors

Disclaimer & Disclosures

6 Listeners

How to Best Guide Your Life Decisions & Path | Dr. Jordan Peterson

Huberman Lab

12/30/24 • 231 min

In this episode, my guest is Dr. Jordan Peterson, Ph.D., psychologist, professor emeritus at the University of Toronto, best-selling author, and prominent online educator. We discuss the biology of human emotions and motivations, healthy versus destructive impulses, addictions, and generative drives. Topics include how brain states shape decision-making—for better or worse—and how religion and culture can guide us toward and through the best paths in life.

We also explore the innate human drive to create "impact at a distance" and how it influences social interactions, educational pursuits, career choices, and relationships. Additional subjects include morality, social media, politics, the human appetite for drama, and the importance of embracing responsibility as a form of adventure to avoid wasting time.

Listeners will gain practical knowledge from psychology, neuroscience, philosophy, and religion.

Read the full show notes at hubermanlab.com.

Thank you to our sponsors