The New Bazaar

For almost all of human history and pre-history -- going back tens of thousands of years -- the average human life expectancy was about 35 years or less. Steven Johnson, author of the new book Extra Life, describes this fact as The Long Ceiling. But something changed a few hundred years ago. A series of public health innovations started arriving in batches, each innovation building on the success of another, that finally began extending our average life expectancy to where it is now, at more than 70 years. Steven explains to Cardiff why these innovations began so late in the human experience, the institutions and public remedies needed for their benefits to spread, and what lessons they hold for the Covid era.

Links from the episode:

• Steven Johnson is on Twitter at @stevenbjohnson
• Steven’s website
• Extra Life, the book (https://tinyurl.com/yfksrh82)
• Extra Life, the PBS series (https://tinyurl.com/3hbk3sb7)
• The Ghost Map (https://tinyurl.com/5t48e5vy)
• Cardiff and Aimee are on Twitter at @CardiffGarcia and @AimeePKeane
• Send us an email! You can write to us at hello@bazaaraudio.com

Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Mark Hugo Lopez is the director of race and ethnicity research at Pew Research Center. He and his colleagues recently conducted a sweeping survey about how Americans identify their racial, ethnic and foreign country origins.The results show that how we see ourselves isn’t fixed. It fluctuates and evolves -- revealing that identity can be as much a function of how we measure it as how we regard ourselves in a given moment. Cardiff and Mark also discuss immigration trends, how American views on diversity have changed over time, and even a little bit of politics.

Links from the episode:

• Mark Hugo Lopez is on Twitter at @MHugoLopez
• Pew Research identity report (https://tinyurl.com/y7mv3zn5)
• The growing diversity of black America (https://tinyurl.com/823dm2su)
• Census on race and ethnicity measures (https://tinyurl.com/h2696u3j)
• Mark's book recommendation, Bless Me, Ultima (https://tinyurl.com/zeyw7stu)
• Cardiff and Aimee are on Twitter at @CardiffGarcia and @AimeePKeane
• Send us an email! You can write to us at hello@bazaaraudio.com

Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Stacey Vanek Smith is the author of the new book, Machiavelli for Women: Defend Your Worth, Grow Your Ambition, and Win the Workplace. She is also Cardiff’s former co-host on The Indicator from Planet Money! The two hosts reunite for this special episode, in which Stacey tells Cardiff about the hardheaded wisdom and encouragement she finds in Machiavelli, the economic data and case studies showing the particular set of obstacles that women confront at the office, and why professional advancement requires an understanding of the world as it is, not as we wish it were.

Links from the episode:

• Stacey is on Twitter at @svaneksmith
• Machiavelli for Women (https://tinyurl.com/5cun5du7)
• The Indicator from Planet Money (https://tinyurl.com/4a8pa2cj)
• Cardiff and Aimee are on Twitter at @CardiffGarcia and @AimeePKeane
• Send us an email! You can write to us at hello@bazaaraudio.com

Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

In 1960, only six percent of all the doctors and lawyers in the country were either women (of all races and ethnicities) or men of color. All the rest -- the overwhelming majority -- were white men. Fast forward half a century. By the year 2010, women and nonwhite men were 38 percent of doctors and lawyers. A similar integration occurred in other high-paying professions that required college and post-graduate degrees.

According to a paper by economist Chang-Tai Hsieh and his co-authors, this deepening integration accounted for an astonishing 40 percent of the per-capita economic growth in the country during this period. Like much of Chang-Tai’s other work, this paper is about what happens when people are finally able to apply their talents in ways that best take advantage of those talents -- and what a tragedy it is, for all of us, when they can’t.

And that’s why this story is not entirely a happy one. Mainly because there is so much progress that is still left to be made. But also because the progress that was being made appears to be slowing down. And for some people, it might even be reversing.

Links from the episode:

• “The Allocation of Talent and U.S. Economic Growth” (https://tinyurl.com/988c6a8)
• “Housing Constraints and Spatial Misallocation” (https://tinyurl.com/wcyh3mtd)
• Chang-Tai Hsieh’s research page (https://tinyurl.com/n86tufvs)
• Cardiff and Aimee are on Twitter at @CardiffGarcia and @AimeePKeane
• Send us an email! You can write to us at hello@bazaaraudio.com

Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Ulrike Malmendier is the premier economic scholar for understanding how our experiences affect our decisions, even in ways we might not recognize. Ulrike joins Cardiff to discuss the nuances and applications of her research, including why daily habits like grocery shopping affect our expectations for the economy; how the crises we live through determine the extent of our lifetime participation in financial markets; and how policymakers at the Federal Reserve are just as susceptible to the effects of their experiences as the rest of us are to our own. Plus, Ulrike offers an optimistic view on how our future decision-making might be transformed by the pandemic.

Links from the episode:

• Ulrike Malmendier is on Twitter at @umalmend
• Ulrike’s research (https://tinyurl.com/eyv99d4a)
• Ulrike’s AEA/AFRA Joint Lecture (https://tinyurl.com/9x94f8jr)
• Cardiff and Aimee are on Twitter at @CardiffGarcia and @AimeePKeane
• Send us an email! You can write to us at hello@bazaaraudio.com

Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.