How PBMs Use Data to Help Patients During COVID-19

10/13/20 • 34 min

Host JC Scott speaks with two guests from Humana Pharmacy Solutions. The first, Dr. Mona Siddiqui, is senior vice president of clinical strategy and quality at Humana. Her background is in public service, especially with HHS and the Center for Medicaid and Medicare Innovation. The second is Dr. Scott Greenwell, senior vice president of pharmacy solutions at Humana, who played an integral role in launching Humana’s Medicare Part D program. The discussion is around innovation in service delivery both before, during, and after the pandemic.

Analyzing Trends to Improve Programs: Data-driven program design utilizing almost-real-time data from CMS or FDA can have an enormous impact on end users. Bringing together data assets from Humana’s insurance side, home segment, and pharmacy segment has provided insight into differing needs of pharmacy customers, most recently during the pandemic.

Social Determinants During the Pandemic: During Covid social determinants of health are of paramount interest. Humana focused on listening to customer needs, including food scarcity, loneliness, transportation access, early prescription refills, mail delivery, and allowing periodic lab requirements to be postponed.

Will Changes Made During the Pandemic Last?: You can’t put the genie back in the bottle. Consumers will expect changes like mail delivery to remain in place even after the pandemic is under control. Surprisingly, even seniors preferred an end-to-end digital experience; they are used to seamless digital experiences now because of entities like Amazon.

Meeting Consumer Expectations with Technology: Humana began in 2015 with the real-time benefit check transaction as an early transparent digital process. This was integrated into the physician’s existing workflow and the response was that this was just what had already been expected. Even those who have been uncomfortable with digital tools approve of them when the experience is frictionless for patients and providers.

Specialty Drugs in Disease-specific Clinical Initiatives: Where traditional rebate tools will not work, as with specialty drugs, Humana sometimes uses value-based contracting. The company also has a program called UM Ultra, which creates personalized utilization management, such as looking at dose optimization, so that patient value is balanced with drug cost.

Promoting Covid Testing: In addition to covering testing costs, Humana has also made at-home testing kits available. And it created a drive-thru PCR test partnership with Wal-Mart that delivers results digitally and refers out as well, when necessary. And, again, the purely digital process has proved more popular than the drive-thru process, counterintuitively for some.

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You can subscribe to The Pharmacy Benefit on Spotify, Google Podcasts, Apple Podcasts, and all other major platforms.

Previous Episode

How PBM Mail-Service Pharmacies Help Patients

Host JC Scott speaks with Claire Winiarek, the VP for Policy of PCMA, about the increased use of mail delivery for prescriptions. Winiarek discusses the value of mail service for prescriptions both relative to the pandemic and beyond it.

PBM Mail Service Increases During the Pandemic: The top-line trend is increased mail delivery by 20 percent through July, year on year. At the tail end of the first quarter, early refills drove an increase, as well as at the end of the second quarter as people reached the end of their 90-day prescriptions.

PBM Response to Increasing Demand for Home Delivery: Part of the response was working with pharmacies to provide home delivery as well as mail delivery and to make consumers aware of the service. In addition, educating consumers about 90-day refills and arranging auto-ship through the mail has been an essential contribution to slowing the spread of the virus by making it possible for people to stay home.

PBMs and Pharmacies Working Together: PBMs and pharmacies worked together early in the pandemic to develop practical, common sense alternatives to delivery signature requirements.

PBMs and Delivery Challenges: Some PBMs are trying alternative carriers or changing when prescriptions are shipped to allow for potential delays. They’re also allowing for early refills and transition fills at local pharmacies. Behind the scenes, there are proprietary systems mapping the transit of prescriptions through the system so that delivery can be continuously fine- tuned. A well-funded Postal Service is critical for the affordability of this option.

Home Delivery Benefits Consumers: Prescription adherence rates improve from 77 percent for pharmacy pick up to 87 percent for mail delivery. This adherence, in turn, drives improvements to other outcomes such as emergency room utilization and rehospitalizations. Dispensation of medication is also safer when performed en masse in a factory setting as opposed to in local pharmacies. Of course, the scale also drives costs down for consumers, as does the convenience itself. Having 24/7 access to prescription counseling through PBMs can be another benefit both in terms of convenience and confidentiality. Data from IQVIA suggest that these increases in home delivery will be here to stay, along with telehealth and tele-pharmacy options.

COVID-19 Test Kits Via PBMs: UnitedHealth Group is beginning to send lower-nose tests that are as effective as the tests developed earlier in the pandemic. CVS is also sending out test kits.

Outlook for a Vaccine: Winiarek leads a stakeholder group with other drug supply chain partners, including pharmacies, manufacturers, grocers, and hospital pharmacists that has been discussing drug shortages and now plans for a COVID-19 vaccine. The discussion has centered around how the supply chain can support a scientific and evidence-based process of evaluation of vaccines. Planning ahead for the fact that supplies of the vaccine will be limited and developing policies for allocation, access, and safety are central to the group’s efforts.

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Next Episode

How PBMs Reduce Insulin Costs

Host JC Scott speaks with Amy Bricker, Senior Vice President of Health Services Supply Chain at Express Scripts and previous commissioner for MedPac. November is National Diabetes Month, and the discussion this week revolves around how PBMs help keep the costs of insulin down and improve patient care.

Getting Support for Diabetes in America

List prices for insulin have not gone down, leaving some diabetes patients with high costs for the live-saving medicine, either as high insurance co-pays or deductibles or the high cost of insulin itself. While there have been some improvements in delivery technology and formulations, Bricker points out that these innovations don’t justify the high prices pharmaceutical companies continue to charge. To some extent, the lack of competition in the market is causing this, which is why PBMs are so important.

How Express Scripts is Helping

Last year Express Scripts saw a 5% decrease in spending from those enrolled in their clinical solution, thanks in part to discounts but more critically through leveraging formularies, utilization, and diabetes care value program that ensures patients get complete care, communicated in ways that work best for them.

The Effects of Coupon and Discount Programs

Bricker argues that well-intentioned programs like 340B are out of control and no longer helping patients. She believes this and other coupon programs require major reform or even elimination, because they operate in the background and disrupt formularies.

CMS Part D Senior Savings Model

The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services established a voluntary Part D plan that limits insulin’s cost share to $35 a month per beneficiary. Approximately a third of Medicare beneficiaries are affected by diabetes and companies such as Express Scripts and Cigna will participate in this program. While Medicare Part D definitely needs reform, steps such as these are a great starting point and crucial to those within the program.

What Does the Future Look Like?

Bricker says we need to encourage manufacturers to lower prices, but that needs to be encouraged by legislation or regulation — while always keeping the patient top of mind. She advocates for Part D reform to establish more programs like the #35/month cost share.

You can subscribe to The Pharmacy Benefit on Spotify, Google Podcasts, Apple Podcasts, and all other major platforms.