The Fourth Way

• A huge thanks to Joseph McDade for his generous permission to use his music: https://josephmcdade.com/
• Thanks to Palmtoptiger17 for the beautiful logo: https://www.instagram.com/palmtoptiger17/
• Discord Discussion Board: https://disboard.org/server/474580298630430751
• Christian Attitudes to War, Peace, and Revolution: https://www.amazon.com/Christian-Attitudes-War-Peace-Revolution/dp/1587432315/ref=sr_1_2?dchild=1&keywords=war+peace+and+revolution+yoder&qid=1584391613&sr=8-2

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George Cannon, predecessor of the Truman Doctrine, in a memo (1948): https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Memo_PPS23_by_George_Kennan
"Furthermore, we have about 50% of the world's wealth but only 6.3% of its population. This disparity is particularly great as between ourselves and the peoples of Asia. In this situation, we cannot fail to be the object of envy and resentment. Our real task in the coming period is to devise a pattern of relationships which will permit us to maintain this position of disparity without positive detriment to our national security. To do so, we will have to dispense with all sentimentality and day-dreaming; and our attention will have to be concentrated everywhere on our immediate national objectives. We need not deceive ourselves that we can afford today the luxury of altruism and world-benefaction."

• Scene On Radio's episode on the American Empire: http://www.sceneonradio.org/s4-e9-american-empire/
• Bible Project Revelation 1: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5nvVVcYD-0w
• A book looking at all of the major American wars: https://amishcountrygoods.com/product/christianity-war-and-americas-salvation-story/
• America Invades: The Controversial Story of How We've Invaded or Been Militarily Involved with Almost Every Country on Earth: https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B00R1ZXKMW/ref=ppx_yo_dt_b_d_asin_title_o06?ie=UTF8&psc=1
• Behind the Bastards Podcast on Soleimani (explicit language): https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/behind-the-bastards/id1373812661?i=1000461883289
• War is a Racket: https://www.amazon.com/War-Racket-Antiwar-Americas-Decorated-ebook/dp/B00E25IYES/ref=sr_1_1?dchild=1&keywords=war+is+a+racket&qid=1592924412&s=digital-text&sr=1-1
• Only 3 Countries in which the U.S. hasn't had boots on the ground, and only 2 with which we've had no military dealings whatsoever: https://www.wearethemighty.com/articles/these-are-the-only-3-countries-america-hasnt-invaded
• America's assassination in the Congo: https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/poverty-matters/2011/jan/17/patrice-lumumba-50th-anniversary-assassination
• Tuskegee Experiment: https://www.history.com/news/the-infamous-40-year-tuskegee-study
• Forced Eugenics of Minorities: https://today.duke.edu/2020/07/new-paper-examines-disproportionate-effect-eugenics-nc%E2%80%99s-black-population
• Jesse Washington: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CiyQFG6uHgg
• Torture and Burning of Henry Smith: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Smith_(lynching_victim)
• Dan Carlin on torture: https://www.dancarlin.com/product/hardcore-history-61-blitz...

• A huge thanks to Seth White for the awesome music!
• Thanks to Palmtoptiger17 for the beautiful logo: https://www.instagram.com/palmtoptiger17/
• Facebook Page: https://www.facebook.com/thewayfourth/?modal=admin_todo_tour
• YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCTd3KlRte86eG9U40ncZ4XA?view_as=subscriber
• Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/theway4th/
• Kingdom Outpost: https://kingdomoutpost.org/
• My Reading List Goodreads: https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/21940220.J_G_Elliot
• My Reading List Google Docs: https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/10h_yL0vO8-Ja_sxUJFclff11nwUONOG6/edit?usp=sharing&ouid=103262818858083924733&rtpof=true&sd=true
• Video on Benjamin Lay: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rv3v9m6PY6c
• Fearless Benjamin Lay: https://www.amazon.com/Fearless-Benjamin-Lay-Revolutionary-Abolitionist/dp/0807060984/ref=sr_1_1?dchild=1&keywords=the+fearless+benjamin+lay&qid=1605836939&sr=8-1
• All Slavekeepers Apostates: https://www.amazon.com/Slave-Keepers-That-Innocent-Bondage-Apostates-ebook/dp/B088Q5GH7P/ref=sr_1_1?dchild=1&keywords=all+slavekeepers+apostates&qid=1605836920&sr=8-1
• Wilberforce Prolonged Slavery: https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/belief/2010/aug/03/wilberforce-slavery-sierra-leone
• Noll on the Civil War: https://www.amazon.com/Theological-Crisis-Steven-Janice-Lectures/dp/1469621819/ref=sr_1_1?dchild=1&keywords=mark+noll+civil+war&qid=1605836883&sr=8-1
• John Woolman: https://metrovoicenews.com/john-woolman-the-conscientious-quaker-who-paved-the-way-for-abolition/
• Britain paid on debt to slave owners through 2015: https://www.telesurenglish.net/news/Britains-Loan-toPay-Off-Slave-Owners-Not-Repaid-Until-2015-20180223-0016.html#:~:text=Her%20Majesty%27s%20Treasury%20recently%20revealed%20that%20British%20taxpayers,that%20were%20formerly%20part%20of%20the%20British%20empire.
• A little more background on Lay and the Colonies: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FALMgWNCXjI
• Conceived in Liberty Volumes 1-4 https://www.amazon.com/dp/1933550988/ref=cm_sw_r_cp_api_glt_fabc_1XW48KH6KFJ1TFTDRVNP
• NonviolenceL 25 Lessons: https://www.amazon.com/Nonviolence-Lessons-History-Dangerous-Chronicles/dp/0679643354/ref=sr_1_1?dchild=1&keywords=nonviolence+25&qid=1607126298&sr=8-1
• Waging Nonviolence: https://wagingnonviolence.org/
• New Tactics: https://www.newtactics.org/
• Victories Without Violence: https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.63305
• Nonviolent Action: https://www.amazon.com/Nonviolent-Action-Christian-Demands-Christians/dp/1587433664/ref=sr_1_1?dchild=1&keywords=nonviolent+action&qid=1603136228&sr=8-1
• Is There No Other Way: https://www.amazon.com/There-No-Other-Way-Nonviolent/dp/1893163164/ref=sr_1_1?dchild=1&keywords=Is+There+No+Other+Way&qid=1603136269&sr=8-1
• Why Civil Resistance Works: https://www.amazon.com/There-No-Other-Way-Nonviolent/dp/1893163164/ref=sr_1_1?dchild=1&keywords=Is+There+No+Other+Way&qid=1603136269&sr=8-1
• Walter Wink: https://www.amazon.com/s?k=Walter+Wink&ref=nb_sb_noss
• Erica Chenoweth TED Talk: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YJSehRlU34w&feature=emb_logo

• Phillip Mast
• patrick H
• Laverne Miller
• Jesse Killion

• A huge thanks to Seth White for the awesome music!
• Thanks to Palmtoptiger17 for the beautiful logo: https://www.instagram.com/palmtoptiger17/
• Facebook Page: https://www.facebook.com/thewayfourth/?modal=admin_todo_tour
• YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCTd3KlRte86eG9U40ncZ4XA?view_as=subscriber
• Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/theway4th/
• Kingdom Outpost: https://kingdomoutpost.org/
• My Reading List Goodreads: https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/21940220.J_G_Elliot
• My Reading List Google Docs: https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/10h_yL0vO8-Ja_sxUJFclff11nwUONOG6/edit?usp=sharing&ouid=103262818858083924733&rtpof=true&sd=true
• A great conversation on a philosophy behind abstention: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dqEc3NNGol8&feature=youtu.be
• Phil Vischer on abortion and politics: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RvWD7ykNjCc&feature=youtu.be
• Voting as coercive: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FiiyZsCzP9k&t=1s
• Voting as an abdication of responsibility: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OBAs9jmanzs&t=9s
• Christian Sacralism in "Anatomy of a Hybrid:" https://www.gospeltruth.net/verduin/hybrid.htm
• Electing Not to Vote: https://www.amazon.com/Electing-Not-Vote-Christian-Reflections-ebook/dp/B00YD5D0Z0/ref=sr_1_1?keywords=electing+not+to+vote&qid=1577199172&sr=8-1
• Essay on Civil Disobedience (Thoreau): https://users.manchester.edu/Facstaff/SSNaragon/Online/texts/201/Thoreau,%20CivilDisobedience.pdf
• Kierkegaard Quotes on Politics: https://www.plough.com/en/topics/justice/politics/politics-and-the-state
• The Myth of a Christian Nation: https://www.amazon.com/Myth-Christian-Nation-Political-Destroying/dp/0310267315/ref=sr_1_2?keywords=the+myth+of+a+christian+nation&qid=1583004622&sr=8-2
• Consequentialism Series (beginning ep. 24): https://thefourthway.transistor.fm/episodes?utf8=%E2%9C%93&year=2019&month=
• Romans 13 Part 1 (Biblical Case): https://thefourthway.transistor.fm/episodes/rebuttal-romans-13
• Romans 13 Part 2 (Practical Case): https://thefourthway.transistor.fm/episodes/rebuttal-romans-13-part-2

As Christians in the U.S. start thinking about voting for a commander in chief this fall, I thought I'd throw out an unpopular option for everyone to chew on. I've done a significant amount of reflection on politics, voting, and Kingdom living over the past few years, and I have concluded that the option of abstention is something that needs to be on the table for Christians. It may not be something you do in this election, or any future election, but it needs to be a tool you have available to you and one you can respect others using. In this podcast episode I lay out that case for this option, but if you want the summary and don't want to listen to a ninety minute episode, I'll summarize below.

https://thefourthway.transistor.fm/episodes/se2-abstention-from-political-idolatry

1. Many Christians view what James calls true religion as optional (helping orphans, widows, etc), as few Christians judge others for not doing these things. Only people who are "called" to those things are required to do them. Few people in our churches adopt, volunteer at the food pantry, etc. We view those things as optional, and understand if congregants don't have the time to participate. However, many view voting as morally necessary and the responsible thing to do. This mismatch of moral obligations seems to me to be political idolatry. How is it that orphans and widows are optional, ...

• A huge thanks to Seth White for the awesome music!
• Thanks to Palmtoptiger17 for the beautiful logo: https://www.instagram.com/palmtoptiger17/
• Facebook Page: https://www.facebook.com/thewayfourth/?modal=admin_todo_tour
• YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCTd3KlRte86eG9U40ncZ4XA?view_as=subscriber
• Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/theway4th/
• Kingdom Outpost: https://kingdomoutpost.org/
• My Reading List Goodreads: https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/21940220.J_G_Elliot
• Propaganda Season Outline: https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1xa4MhYMAg2Ohc5Nvya4g9MHxXWlxo6haT2Nj8Hlws8M/edit?usp=sharing
• Episode Outline/Transcript: https://docs.google.com/document/d/131_02boxbdq67ynpxH4qTo08lhpHWJKEdPsXRC0Z2xk/edit?usp=sharing
• Manipulating the Masses: https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/53232641-manipulating-the-masses?ac=1&from_search=true&qid=H9uIM5Aqi4&rank=1
• C.D. Jackson: https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/18968778-c-d-jackson?ac=1&from_search=true&qid=4v8VJbnSUA&rank=4
• The Brass Check: https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/54850.The_Brass_Check?ac=1&from_search=true&qid=31QD9Z05ST&rank=1
• What to the Slave is the 4th of July: https://www.blackpast.org/african-american-history/speeches-african-american-history/1852-frederick-douglass-what-slave-fourth-july/
• Dawn of Everything: https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/56269264-the-dawn-of-everything?ac=1&from_search=true&qid=f8V35Ghqol&rank=1
• War is a Racket: https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/198259.War_is_a_Racket?ac=1&from_search=true&qid=hAmz9Yhokm&rank=1
• Taking the Risk Out of Democracy: https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/1120159.Taking_the_Risk_Out_of_Democracy?ac=1&from_search=true&qid=dXT2Mj1LU2&rank=1
• The Fine Print song: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vvANy49Kqhw
• The Technological Society: https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/274827.The_Technological_Society?ac=1&from_search=true&qid=rgzFLjmZo6&rank=2
• Propaganda: https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/274826.Propaganda?ac=1&from_search=true&qid=MJ0Jt4z7sR&rank=1
• Supreme Injustice chapter on Citizens United: https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/110285.Supreme_Injustice?ac=1&from_search=true&qid=HesBhL4UNC&rank=1
• The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism: https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/74176.The_Protestant_Ethic_and_the_Spirit_of_Capitalism?ac=1&from_search=true&qid=FMaV9bgi7L&rank=2
• Corruption is legal in America: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5tu32CCA_Ig&t=248s
• The Persuaders: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GRv8syM-zy8

HUME QUOTE:
Nothing appears more surprizing to those, who consider human affairs with a philosophical eye, than the easiness with which the many are governed by the few; and the implicit submission, with which men resign their own sentiments and passions to those of their rulers. When we enquire by what means this wonder is effected, we shall find, that, as Force is always on the side of the governed, the governors have nothing to support them but opinion. It is therefore, on opinion only that government is founded; and this maxim extends to the most despotic and most military governments, as well as to the most free and most popular. The soldan of Egypt, or the emperor of Rome, might drive his harmless subjects, like brute beasts, against their sentiments and inclination: But he must, at least, have led his mamalukes, or prætorian bands, like men, by their opinion.

DOUGLAS QUOTE:
But a change has now come over the affairs of mankind. Walled cities and empires have become unfashionable. The arm of commerce has borne away the gates of the strong city. Intelligence is penetrating the darkest corners of the globe. It makes its pathway over and under the sea, as well as on the earth. Wind, steam, and lightning are its chartered agents. Oceans no longer divide, but link nations together. From Boston to London is now a holiday excursion. Space is comparatively annihilated. -- Thoughts expressed on one side of the Atlantic are distinctly heard on the other.The far off and almost fabulous Pacific rolls in grandeur at our feet. The Celestial Empire, the mystery of ages, is being solved. The fiat of the Almighty, "Let there be Light," has not yet spent its force. No abuse, no outrage whether in taste, sport or avarice, can now hide ...

This episode explores the moral system which not only provides us purpose, but secures it as well.

0:00 - Preface
11:30 - Introduction
18:15 - Incoherence of Current Moral Theories
19:50 - Virtue Ethics & Arbitrariness
20:55 - Consequentialism & Arbitrariness
21:55 - Deontological & Arbitrariness
24:15 - Virtue Ethics & Egoism
30:50 - Deontology & Egoism
33:00 - Consequentialism & Egoism
37:35 - How does the resurrection fix arbitrariness and egoism?
39:10 - Purpose and existence in creation
42:10 - Separation from purpose and existence
45:15 - What the resurrection gets us - theosis
52:10 - Existence and pure nature are required for purpose and morality
57:50 - Privation theory of evil
1:02:50 - Isn't hope in resurrection a self-centered hope?
1:11:35 - Resurrection prevents the sacrifice of other
1:21:45 - Means are concomitant with their ends
1:23:20 - Conclusion
1:25:45 - Implications on Christian Anarchism and Othering

• A huge thanks to Seth White for the awesome music!
• Thanks to Palmtoptiger17 for the beautiful logo: https://www.instagram.com/palmtoptiger17/
• Facebook Page: https://www.facebook.com/thewayfourth/?modal=admin_todo_tour
• YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCTd3KlRte86eG9U40ncZ4XA?view_as=subscriber
• Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/theway4th/
• Kingdom Outpost: https://kingdomoutpost.org/
• My Reading List Goodreads: https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/21940220.J_G_Elliot
• Spotify Playlist: https://open.spotify.com/playlist/4VSvC0SJYwku2U0awRaNAu?si=3ad0b2fbed2e4864
• Video Interview Version: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5a1tsRIJQCw&list=PLNrd6lQRh0iZzSxgMo_zhz69clqkD0W9J&index=12
• Necessity of the Resurrection Article: https://www.dckreider.com/blog-theological-musings/a-morality-of-being
• Christian Anarchism: A Political Commentary on the Gospel: https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/7106065-christian-anarchism?ac=1&from_search=true&qid=Fiu9MyYhqw&rank=1
• How Did Sin Originate in a Perfect World? discuss essences and adjoining to God through theosis: https://www.dckreider.com/blog-theological-musings/how-did-sin-originate-in-a-perfect-world
• (96) S6E4 Means and Ends: Purposing: rooting purpose rather than creating it, and how purpose is relational
  https://thefourthway.transistor.fm/episodes/means-and-ends-purposing
• Hitchens vs. Hitchens Debate: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sNlskhOlYBY
• Making Sense out of Suffering: https://www.goodreads.com/review/show/5813894879

• Phillip Mast
• patrick H
• Laverne Miller
• Jesse Killion