TTMIK Level 4 Lesson 25

In Level 2 Lesson 14 and Level 2 Lesson 19, we looked at two different ways of changing a verb into the noun forms. They were -기 [-gi] and -는 것 [-neun geot] and they both express the meaning of “the act of doing something” or the verb in the “-ing” noun form. In today’s lesson, we will look at how to make and use “future tense noun groups”. -(으)ᄅ [-(eu)l] + noun The usages of this verb ending can be best explained through examples, but basically, this expresses the adjective form of a verb in the future tense. Examples: 1. 읽다 = to read --> 읽 + -(으)ᄅ = 읽을 --> ex) 읽을 책 [il-geul chaek] = a book that (someone) will read, a book to read 2. 초대하다 = to invite --> 초대하 + -(으)ᄅ = 초대할 --> ex) 초대할 사람 [cho-dae-hal sa-ram] = a person that (someone) will invite, a person to invite 3. 보내다 = to send --> 보내 + -(으)ᄅ = 보낼 --> ex) 보낼 편지 [bo-nael pyeon-ji] = a letter that (someone) will send, a letter to send All of the examples above were in the “verb stem + -(으)ᄅ + noun” form. When you do not use a specific noun and just use the word “것” [geot] which means “thing” or “the fact”, the noun group can mean “something to + verb”. Examples: 1. 먹다 = to read --> 먹 + -(으)ᄅ = 먹을 --> ex) 먹을 것 [meo-geul geot] = something to eat = food 2. 타다 = to ride --> 타 + -(으)ᄅ = 탈 --> ex) 탈 것 [tal geot] = something to ride = vehicles 3. 마시다 = to drink --> 마시 + -(으)ᄅ = 마실 --> ex) 마실 것 [ma-sil geot] = something to drink = beverages Now, do you recognize this ending -(으)ᄅ 것 from the future tense? In the future tense, you add -(으)ᄅ 거예요 after a verb stem. -(으)ᄅ 것 + 이에요 = -(으)ᄅ 것이에요 ---> -(으)ᄅ 거예요 ** Note Since the future tense stems from this form, -(으)ᄅ 것, a Korean sentence like this can be translated in two different ways. 이거 누가 먹을 거예요? [i-geo nu-ga meo-geul geo-ye-yo?] If you think of it as “누가 먹다 (who + eat) + future tense”, it will be translated as “Who will eat this?”. If you think of it as “누가 먹을 거 (who + will + eat + thing) + to be”, it will be translated as “This thing, it is something that WHO will eat?”. Sample sentences 1. 내일 할 일이 많아요. [nae-il hal il-i ma-na-yo.] = I have a lot (of work) to do tomorrow. = There is a lot of stuff that I will do tomorrow. 2. 지금은 할 이야기가 없어요. [ji-geu-meun hal i-ya-gi-ga eop-seo-yo.] = Right now, I have nothing to say. = For now, there is nothing I will say. 3. 냉장고에 먹을 것이 전혀 없어요. [naeng-jang-go-e meo-geul geo-si jeon-hyeo eop-seo-yo.] = In the refrigerator, there isn’t any food at all.