
Episode 4: Gynecomastia
01/16/21 • 4 min
A rapid review of gynecomastia for the plastic surgery learner. In this episode we review:
- Gynecomastia epidemiology
- Gynecomastia physiology
- Evaluation and management of the gynecomastia patient
Feedback is always appreciated. Comments, questions, suggestions, or corrections can be sent to [email protected]
References:
- Rohrich RJ, Ha RY, Kenkel JM, Adams WP, Jr. Classification and management of gynecomastia: defining the role of ultrasound-assisted liposuction. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2003;111(2):909-923.
- American Society of Plastic Surgeons. ASPS recommended insurance coverage criteria for third-party payers: Gynecomastia. Available at: https://www.plasticsurgery.org/Documents/Health-Policy/Positions/Gynecomastia_ICC.pdf. Accessed January 11, 2020.
- Karp NS. Gynecomastia. In: Thorne C, Beasley RW, Aston SJ, Bartlett SP, Gurtner GC, Spear SL, eds. Grabb and Smith's Plastic Surgery. 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Health; 2007: 616-624.
A rapid review of gynecomastia for the plastic surgery learner. In this episode we review:
- Gynecomastia epidemiology
- Gynecomastia physiology
- Evaluation and management of the gynecomastia patient
Feedback is always appreciated. Comments, questions, suggestions, or corrections can be sent to [email protected]
References:
- Rohrich RJ, Ha RY, Kenkel JM, Adams WP, Jr. Classification and management of gynecomastia: defining the role of ultrasound-assisted liposuction. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2003;111(2):909-923.
- American Society of Plastic Surgeons. ASPS recommended insurance coverage criteria for third-party payers: Gynecomastia. Available at: https://www.plasticsurgery.org/Documents/Health-Policy/Positions/Gynecomastia_ICC.pdf. Accessed January 11, 2020.
- Karp NS. Gynecomastia. In: Thorne C, Beasley RW, Aston SJ, Bartlett SP, Gurtner GC, Spear SL, eds. Grabb and Smith's Plastic Surgery. 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Health; 2007: 616-624.
Previous Episode

Episode 3: Syndactyly
A rapid review of syndactyly for the plastic surgery learner. In this episode we review:
- Syndactyly epidemiology
- Syndactyly embryology
- Evaluation and management of the syndactyly patient
Feedback is always appreciated. Comments, questions, suggestions, or corrections can be sent to [email protected]
References:
- Kozin SH, Zlotolow DA. Common pediatric congenital conditions of the hand. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2015; 136(2):241e-57e.
- Kempton SJ, Michelotti BF, Salyapongse AN, Bentz ML. Syndactyly Reconstruction. In: Chang J, ed. Global Reconstructive Surgery Elsevier; 2019: 307-311.
- Goldfarb CA, Ezaki M, Wall LB, Lam WL, Oberg KC. The Oberg-Manske-Tonkin (OMT) Classification of Congenital Upper Extremities: Update for 2020. J Hand Surg Am. 2020;45(6):542-547.
Next Episode

Episode 5: Breast Reduction
A rapid review of breast reduction for the plastic surgery learner. In this episode we review:
- Breast reduction anatomy
- Evaluation and management of the breast reduction patient
Feedback is always appreciated. Comments, questions, suggestions, or corrections can be sent to [email protected]
References:
- Hall-Findlay EJ, Shestak KC. Breast Reduction. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2015;136(4):531e-544e.
- Thibaudeau S, Sinno H, Williams B. The effects of breast reduction on successful breastfeeding: a systematic review. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2010;63(10):1688-1693.
- Fitzpatrick SE, Lam TC. Occult Breast Carcinoma Is More Common in Women Undergoing Breast Reduction after Contralateral Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2020;146(2):117e-126e.
- Bentley M, Ghali S, Asplund OA. Galactorrhoea causing severe skin breakdown and nipple necrosis following breast reduction. Br J Plast Surg. 2004;57(7):682-684.
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