
Episode 23: Neurotoxins for Facial Rejuvenation
08/03/21 • 5 min
A rapid review of neurotoxins for facial rejuvenation for the plastic surgery learner. In this episode we review:
- Botulinum toxin pharmacology
- Evaluation and management of the facial rejuvenation patient seeking neurotoxin injections
Feedback is always appreciated. Comments, questions, suggestions, or corrections can be sent to [email protected]
References:
- Sundaram H, Signorini M, Liew S, et al. Global Aesthetics Consensus: Botulinum Toxin Type A--Evidence-Based Review, Emerging Concepts, and Consensus Recommendations for Aesthetic Use, Including Updates on Complications. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2016;137(3):518e-529e.
- Noland ME, Lalonde DH, Yee GJ, Rohrich RJ. Current Uses of Botulinum Neurotoxins in Plastic Surgery. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2016;138(3):519e-530e.
- Walker TJ, Dayan SH. Comparison and overview of currently available neurotoxins. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2014;7(2):31-39.
A rapid review of neurotoxins for facial rejuvenation for the plastic surgery learner. In this episode we review:
- Botulinum toxin pharmacology
- Evaluation and management of the facial rejuvenation patient seeking neurotoxin injections
Feedback is always appreciated. Comments, questions, suggestions, or corrections can be sent to [email protected]
References:
- Sundaram H, Signorini M, Liew S, et al. Global Aesthetics Consensus: Botulinum Toxin Type A--Evidence-Based Review, Emerging Concepts, and Consensus Recommendations for Aesthetic Use, Including Updates on Complications. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2016;137(3):518e-529e.
- Noland ME, Lalonde DH, Yee GJ, Rohrich RJ. Current Uses of Botulinum Neurotoxins in Plastic Surgery. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2016;138(3):519e-530e.
- Walker TJ, Dayan SH. Comparison and overview of currently available neurotoxins. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2014;7(2):31-39.
Previous Episode

Episode 22: Gender-Affirming Mastectomy
A rapid review of gender-affirming mastectomy for the plastic surgery learner. In this episode we review:
- WPATH criteria for gender-affirming mastectomy
- Evaluation and management of the gender-affirming mastectomy patient
Feedback is always appreciated. Comments, questions, suggestions, or corrections can be sent to [email protected]
References:
- Safa B, Lin WC, Salim AM, Deschamps-Braly JC, Poh MM. Current Concepts in Masculinizing Gender Surgery. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2019;143(4):857e-871e.
- Salibian AA, Axelrod DM, Smith JA, Fischer BA, Agarwal C, Bluebond-Langner R. Oncologic Considerations for Safe Gender-Affirming Mastectomy: Preoperative Imaging, Pathologic Evaluation, Counseling, and Long-Term Screening. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2021;147(2):213e-221e.
- Hontscharuk R, Alba B, Manno C, et al. Perioperative Transgender Hormone Management: Avoiding Venous Thromboembolism and Other Complications. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2021;147(4):1008-1017.
Next Episode

Episode 24: Posterior Trunk Reconstruction
A rapid review of posterior trunk reconstruction for the plastic surgery learner. In this episode we review:
- Muscular anatomy of the back
- Evaluation and management of the posterior trunk wound patient
Feedback is always appreciated. Comments, questions, suggestions, or corrections can be sent to [email protected]
References:
- Mathes DW, Thornton JF, Rohrich RJ. Management of posterior trunk defects. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2006;118(3):73e-83e.
- Netscher DT, Baumholtz MA, Bullocks J. Chest reconstruction: II. Regional reconstruction of chest wall wounds that do not affect respiratory function (axilla, posterolateral chest, and posterior trunk). Plast Reconstr Surg. 2009;124(6):427e-435e.
- Mericli AF, Mirzabeigi MN, Moore JH, Jr., Fox JWt, Copit SE, Tuma GA. Reconstruction of complex posterior cervical spine wounds using the paraspinous muscle flap. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2011;128(1):148-153.Garvey PB, Rhines LD, Dong W, Chang DW.
- Immediate soft-tissue reconstruction for complex defects of the spine following surgery for spinal neoplasms. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2010;125(5):1460-1466.
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