8. The Cosmos

09/28/16 • 13 min

Does space go on for ever? Are there infinitely many stars?

These are some of the questions Adrian Moore explores in this episode in his series about philosophical thought concerning the infinite.

With the help of the theories of the Ancient Greeks through to those of modern cosmologists, Adrian examines the central question of whether our universe is finite or infinite.

For most of us, looking up at the stars gives us a sense of infinity but, as Adrian discovers, there is a strong body of opinion which suggests that space is finite, albeit unbounded. This is a difficult idea to grasp, but by inviting us to think of ourselves as ants, astrophysics professor Jo Dunkley attempts to explain it.

Adrian also tackles the idea of the expanding universe and the logic that leads cosmologists to argue that it all started with a big bang, and may all end with a big crunch.

Finally, we discover from cosmologist John Barrow how the appearance of an infinity in scientists’ calculations sends them straight back to the drawing board. The infinite, which the Ancient Greeks found so troubling, has lost none of its power to disturb.

Producer: Philippa Goodrich

A Juniper production for BBC Radio 4, first broadcast in September 2016.

Does space go on for ever? Are there infinitely many stars?

These are some of the questions Adrian Moore explores in this episode in his series about philosophical thought concerning the infinite.

With the help of the theories of the Ancient Greeks through to those of modern cosmologists, Adrian examines the central question of whether our universe is finite or infinite.

Adrian also tackles the idea of the expanding universe and the logic that leads cosmologists to argue that it all started with a big bang, and may all end with a big crunch.

Producer: Philippa Goodrich

A Juniper production for BBC Radio 4, first broadcast in September 2016.

Previous Episode

7. Crisis and Uncertainty

Adrian Moore’s series on philosophical thought on infinity finds him mired in a near meltdown in mathematics.

Adrian tells the story of the controversy caused by the work of the German mathematician, Georg Cantor, on the infinite. In a world of paradoxes, we meet the nun who can't decide whether to pray for herself. Her dilemma is beautifully explained by Marcus Giaquinto, Emeritus Professor of Philosophy at UCL, in conversation with Adrian.

And we find out how an associated paradox, first posed by one of the giants of 20th century philosophy, Bertrand Russell, devastated the career of another German mathematician and philosopher.

The arguments of the early 20th century no longer plague modern mathematics in the way that they did. As Adrian explains however, by subjecting the infinite to formal scrutiny, mathematicians have ended up confronting puzzles at the very heart of their discipline.

Producer: Philippa Goodrich

A Juniper production for BBC Radio 4, first broadcast in September 2016.

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9. Death and Immortality

In his series on thought about infinity through the centuries, Adrian Moore has considered the topic through the lenses of philosophy, theology and mathematics.

Now, in this penultimate episode, the focus is firmly on us.

Adrian ponders our finite nature and confronts the question of whether, if we could, we really would want to live for ever. He brings us the Czech composer Janacek’s opera, with its eponymous heroine Elina Makropulos. Her father, the court physician, has procured an elixir of life for her but, far from making her eternally happy, her long life has become unbearably tedious.

Some philosophers fully sympathise with Elina Makropulos and celebrate our finite nature. Others lament it. But as Adrian discovers, there is consensus on one point – the fact that one day our life will end doesn’t rob it of meaning.

Indeed, it is our very sense of our own finite nature, argues John Cottingham, Professor Emeritus at Reading University, that produces what St Augustine called ‘the restlessness of the human heart’ - our constant desire to reach out for more.

Producer: Philippa Goodrich

A Juniper production for BBC Radio 4, first broadcast in September 2016.